What is the result of cellular respiration?

The correct answer focuses on the fundamental outcome of cellular respiration, which is the conversion of biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), alongside the production of waste products. Cellular respiration primarily involves the metabolic processes that break down glucose and other substrates in the presence of oxygen (aerobic respiration) or in its absence (anaerobic respiration).

During these processes, energy is harnessed to form ATP, the energy currency of the cell, which is vital for driving various biological functions. The waste products generated during cellular respiration include carbon dioxide and water—products that result from the oxidation of glucose. This balance of energy production and waste formation is critical for maintaining homeostasis within the cell and the organism.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately reflect the outcome of cellular respiration. The production of glucose is actually a result of photosynthesis, not cellular respiration. The release of neurotransmitters relates to signaling in neurons, not the energy metabolism of cells. Additionally, the formation of new cells pertains to cell division rather than the metabolic processes of generating energy from substrates. Understanding these distinctions helps highlight the central role of cellular respiration in energy production and waste management in living organisms.