What is the primary role of transfer RNA (tRNA) in protein synthesis?

Transfer RNA (tRNA) plays an essential role in protein synthesis by delivering amino acids to the ribosome, where proteins are assembled. During translation, the ribosome reads the sequence of messenger RNA (mRNA) nucleotides and matches them with the appropriate tRNA molecules that carry specific amino acids. Each tRNA has an anticodon that is complementary to the codon in the mRNA, ensuring that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain in the sequence dictated by the mRNA. This process is crucial for accurate protein production, as the correct sequence of amino acids determines the protein's structure and function. Thus, the primary role of tRNA in protein synthesis is to facilitate the incorporation of amino acids into the protein being synthesized.